English
Band pass filter refers to a certain wavelength range, only a small section in the middle is a high transmittance passband, and on both sides of the band pass is a high reflectivity cutoff band filter. Compared with conventional bandpass filters, high-performance bandpass filters have been greatly improved in important parameters such as transmittance and cutoff depth.
A filter whose spectral characteristic curve has blocking regions on both sides of the transmission band is called a band-pass filter. Band-pass filters are a critical category of optical thin-film components, widely applied in fields such as chemistry, spectroscopy, lasers, astrophysics, fiber-optic communications, and biology
Band-pass filters prepared using optical interference principles exhibit a transmission zone near a specific wavelength in their spectral curve, known as the passband, flanked by blocking regions. Additionally, side transmission bands (parasitic transmission bands) may exist around the blocking regions, which are typically eliminated using colored glass, absorbing films, or blocking filters
Central Wavelength (CWL): The peak transmission wavelength of a bandpass filter, measured in nanometers (nm), defining the midpoint of the passband. It is crucial for applications requiring precise wavelength selection.
Bandwidth (FWHM): The wavelength range over which the filter transmits light effectively, measured as the Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM) of the transmission curve. Narrowband filters (
Transmittance: The percentage of incident light transmitted through the filter within its passband. High transmittance (e.g., 90%) is critical for minimizing energy loss in applications like optical communication or imaging.
Edge Slope (Transition Slope): The steepness of the transition between the passband and blocking regions. A steeper slope (e.g., from 10% to 80% transmittance) enhances out-of-band rejection, critical for suppressing unwanted wavelengths.
Wavefront Distortion: Phase aberrations introduced by the filter, causing deviations in the transmitted light’s wavefront. Excessive distortion degrades imaging resolution and beam quality, particularly in high-precision systems like interferometers.
Chromatic Dispersion: Wavelength-dependent refractive index variations in the filter material, leading to spectral separation (e.g., color fringing). This can degrade optical performance in systems sensitive to wavelength-dependent focusing, such as microscopy or laser systems.
Dimension | 4mm-200MM |
Material | Optical glass |
CWL | 405NM,450NM,550NM,650NM,680NM,700NM,720NM,760NM,780NM,850NM,950NM etc. |
FWHM | 30nm,40nm,50nm ,60nm ,70nm, 80nm,100 nm or upon customers’ request |
Central transmittance(T)% | >95% |
OD | OD3/OD4/OD5 |
Block range | 200~1100nm, |
High-performance bandpass filters are applied in fluorescence imaging.
A fluorescence microscope consists of major components such as the light source, filter system, and optical system. The figure below is a schematic diagram of the optical elements in the filter system. The light source emits high-energy light, which, after passing through the excitation filter, outputs light of a specific wavelength. This light is then reflected by the dichroic mirror onto the sample. Upon exposure to high-energy light of a certain wavelength, the sample emits fluorescence, which first passes through the dichroic mirror and then through the emission filter before being observed by the human eye or captured by a camera.
A high-cutoff depth emission filter isolates the excitation light source from the fluorescence signal, preventing interference and overshadowing of the fluorescence signal by the excitation light. Even when the fluorescence signal is significantly weaker than the excitation light intensity, it can still be clearly observed. The selection of the excitation filter and emission filter depends on the excitation wavelength and fluorescence signal wavelength of the sample. For samples that cannot be excited to emit fluorescence, fluorescent probes need to be used for labeling before subsequent experimental observation.
High-performance bandpass filters are applied in multi-wavelength beam combining.
When used in conjunction with dichroic mirrors and reflectors, they enable laser beam combining. The filters and dichroic mirrors must be carefully selected based on specific requirements to minimize crosstalk between adjacent channels.
Both bandpass filters and narrowband filters allow light signals to pass through within a specific wavelength range while blocking signals outside this range. Bandpass filters generally have a relatively wide passband, with typical half-bandwidths exceeding 40nm. Narrowband filters, on the other hand, are a subset of bandpass filters and share the same definition: they allow light signals to pass through within a specific wavelength range and block signals outside this range. However, narrowband filters are characterized by a much narrower bandwidth.
Narrowband filters are primarily characterized by the use of all-dielectric hard film coating technology and the principle of dielectric interference. They enhance the characteristics of narrowband filters while ensuring that their optical performance is independent of substrate thickness. This makes narrowband filters more suitable for integration into imaging systems of instruments, thereby improving their optical performance and enabling their effective application. Additionally, narrowband filters use special optical substrate materials to address issues such as mold susceptibility and instability in optical performance associated with traditional absorption-type composite glass. Products are manufactured according to specific customer requirements.
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